[aceyx]

Horsepower and torque are both methods of measuring power. They are directly related, and you can actually calculate one from the other. However, that is not to say that an increase in hp equals an increase in torque.

Greater torque is generally increased from a wider bore or longer stroke. Both however, have a negative effect on the rev limit of the motor (more weight disrupts the rotational balance of the motor, putting stress on the crankshaft & bearings).

Camshafts (the gears just drive it, and yes we have these, attached to the timing chain) can be changed to retard the valve timing which can but not necessarily will, result in an increase in torque, but at the risk of bending valves or poor emissions. With an increase in torque here, you sacrifice hp. Given the way BMW engineers their motors, I'd say this is a BAD way to go about it. I know the guys at Avus had to rebuild a motor from a guy that did cams on a FI'd motor.